KIUMSAf

THE GENERAL RULES FOR REFERENCING A BOOK

During course of your assignments you will be expected to support your arguments by referring to published works. This will come from a wide range of sources, such as textbooks, journals, reports, newspapers, and internet. You must cite your source during the course of your work to show evidence of background reading and to support your content and conclusions.

These references are listed at the end of your work.

Plagiarism is academic theft, i.e. passing off people’s work as your own, and it incur severe penalties. It is important, therefore, to learn how to reference your work properly so that you will never be guilty of even accidental plagiarism.

REFERENCES: This is a list of all the source you have used and referred to within your work, such as:

Textbooks, journals, periodicals, newspapers, videos and also electronic source such as those accessed on CD ROM and internet.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: In addition to listing all the sources you have mentioned in your work, this time you also include all the other sources of information that you have read in preparation for your assignment, but have not actually referred to in the essay /report.

NB. You will more usually be asked to provide References, not a Bibliography.

• Different types of publications require different amounts of information. The Harvard systems lays down the standards for the amount of information required, and the order in which it should be presented. Consistency is important so that your reader will always know where to look for a particular piece of information in your references.

• List all your alphabetically by author, at the end of your work.

• There should be a full stop between item in the reference except between author surnames and first names where there is a comma. Always place a full stop at the end of each reference.

• Leave a line space between each reference.

• Abbreviations in a reference: use a full stop after an abbreviation, e.g.: ‘edition,’ while ‘volume’, =’vol,’

REFERENCING BOOKS

The information should be given in the following order:

Author. Surname first, followed by forename and /or initials, just as they appear on the book. 2, 3 or 4 authors: give names in order they appear on the book, using ‘and’ or ‘&’ to link the last two authors. E. g Smith Paul and Jones, David, (1999); Smith, Paul, Jones, David & Mason, Alan (1999)

More than four authors: Give the surname and initial of the first author only, followed by et al.

(Year of Publication). (not year of printing or impression). Place year in parenthesis. (I.e. rounded brackets) followed by a full stop).

Title. Give title as it appears on title page of book. If there is a subtitle, include this too, and separate it from the title by a colon even if this is not done on the title page. Put a capital letter at the beginning of the first word in the title and at the beginning of all proper nouns (names).

To make your title and subtitle stand out, underline it, or print it in place it in italics: whichever method you choose, make sure you continue to use the same method throughout references. This referencing guide will underline titles.

Place a full stop after the title.

Edition: written as edn. Do not include first editions. E.g. 2nd edn. Or 3rd edn.

Place of publication: a town or city. If there are several places of publication, reference only the first place a colon after this.

Name of publisher keep the name of the publisher as brief as possible: do not include initials, ‘& co’, ltd etc. place a full stop after publisher.

Additional information .On occasion, a book might have extra details which have to be mentioned in the reference:

Volume number. Vol comes after title

Series. Comes after title.

Examples.

Handy, Charles. (1991). The age of unreason. 2nd edn. London: Arrow Books.

Mullins, Laurie J. (1996), Management and organizational behavior. 4th edn. London: Pitman.

Peters, T.J & waterman, R.H (1982). In search of excellent. London: Harper & Row.

This  is  article  is very important ....i greatly  appreciate  your  endeavours .